What to Look for When Buying a Used Cello A Beginner’s Guide
Katherine Dvoskin, Co-Founder of K&M Music School
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Author: Katherine Dvoskin | Co-Founder of K&M Music School
Published December 12th, 2024
Buying a used cello? This guide shows what to check for cracks or damage. It explains how to test the sound. It also lists needed accessories and gives price tips.
Are you new to playing the cello? Buying a used cello is a good way to start. It can save you money. But with so many choices, it can feel confusing. This guide will help you know what to look for when buying your first cello.
| Brand | Key Features | Price Range |
|---|---|---|
| Eastman | Carved wood, good for beginners | $1,000 - $2,000 |
| William Lewis | Reputable luthier, solid quality | $1,000 - $2,000 |
| Mezzo Forte | Known for student cellos | $1,000 - $2,000 |
| Chinese-made | Lower cost, may need setup | Under $500 |
Check the Overall Condition of the Cello
The first thing you’ll want to assess when trying out a used cello is its general physical condition. Are there any cracks, warps, or other damage to the body? Examine the front and back, sides, and neck, and scroll closely. Even small cracks can expand over time and affect tone quality.
- Look down the length of the neck to see if it sits straight or has developed any twists. A gentle curve is normal but anything more extreme could hinder playability.
- Check if the scroll at the top rolls off to one side, which can negatively impact tuning stability. The scroll should curve gracefully without veering too far left or right.
- Inspect the bridge to see if it sits evenly and has straight non-warped edges. The feet should align flat to the body.
- Examine where the neck joins the body to ensure a seamless fit. Look for gaps, cracks, or signs the joint has weakened over time.
Pluck each string along the fingerboard. Press down lightly at different spots. The notes should sound clear without buzzing. If there is buzzing, the neck might be warped and need fixing.
You’ll also want to examine the cello body for general wear and tear:
- Are there scratches, chips, cracks, or worn edges? Deep scratches on the back can impact vibration and tone.
- Look at the cello’s varnish to see if it is worn down. Worn varnish can mean the cello wasn’t well cared for. The varnish should feel smooth and look even. Ensure there are no big faded spots on the front, back, or sides.
- Check the purfling, the thin black line around the cello’s top and back. Look for cracks or missing parts, as these can weaken the cello over time.
- Examine the f-holes for cracks along the edges, which happen frequently.
Small scratches or marks are okay, but big damage can be expensive to fix. Avoid cellos with major cracks or problems with the finish. Tiny cracks can be repaired, but large ones are very hard to fix and can ruin the sound.
Questions to Ask the Seller About Condition
When checking a cello in person, ask the seller questions. Start by asking about its history and how it was used. Then, ask if it had repairs or any damage before. This helps you know more about its condition.How old is the cello? The year it was built can hint at quality.
- Has it been repaired before? Ask what work was done and request any receipts.
- Where was it stored? Improper storage can accelerate wear.
- Why are you selling it? This can reveal potential issues.
- Do you have paperwork showing its provenance or certificates from luthiers? This helps verify any repair or authentication claims.
Document the seller’s answers to help determine if the instrument was well cared for. If possible, get a written statement detailing known repairs, damage history, age, etc.
Determine if the Cello is the Right Size
Cellos come in a range of sizes, much like violins. The full-size 4/4 cello has a body length of about 30 inches and is suitable for most adult players up to 6’ 2” in height. However, depending on your exact height and arm length, a 7/8 or 3/4 size may be a better fit. Here’s how to determine what size is right:
Use Body Length Chart Guidelines
As a starting point, consult general body length chart guidelines:
- 4/4 size: For adults roughly 5’ 10” to 6’ 2” in height
- 7/8 size: For adults roughly 5’ 6” to 5’ 11” in height
- 3/4 size: For adults under 5’ 6” or teenagers
- 1/2 size: For children under 12 years old
These sizes are general guidelines. Everyone’s body proportions are different. Make sure the cello fits you comfortably.
Sit Test with Cello in Playing Position
The best way to assess size is to physically sit with the cello in the playing position:
- Sit near the front edge of a chair so you can easily reach around the instrument. Don’t perch at the very edge though. Maintain a balanced, supported position.
- Place the cello vertically between your legs and clamp gently with your knees. The lower bout corner should align comfortably with your chest.
- Let the cello rest against your chest without squeezing too tightly. You want close contact but avoid restricting your breathing.
- Ask the seller if you can try different cello sizes. This helps you find the one that feels most comfortable. Don’t just rely on size charts.
- Both arms should be able to curl around the body without overstretching or straining. You want a close hold without tension or discomfort.
- There should be some space between your torso and the back of the cello – about a hand’s width is ideal. If the instrument sits right against you, it may be too large.
Ask someone to watch you sit with the cello or record a short video. Make sure your arms fold comfortably around the cello, leaving some space. Your chest and knees should touch the cello without leaning forward or backward.
If the cello seems too large or small held in this manner, try a different size. Noticeable gaping between the instrument and your body likely indicates it’s too big. Difficulty reaching strings comfortably can signal it’s too small.
Consider Arm Length and Torso Size
Think about your arm length and torso size when choosing a cello. If your arms are long, you might play a bigger cello. If your arms are shorter or your torso is smaller, try a smaller size.
Ask the seller if you can try different cello sizes. This helps you find the one that feels most comfortable. Don’t just rely on size charts.
A bigger cello might sound better, but comfort is more important for beginners. Choose a size that fits your body and is easy to hold. Don’t pick a full-size cello if it feels too awkward. Make sure it’s comfortable to play.
Music Lessons in San Diego with K&M Music School
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We offer Piano, Violin, Cello, Saxophone, Bassoon, Harp, Voice, and Toddler group lessons for students of all ages and skill levels.
Why Choose Us?
- 🎶 Boosts focus and self-discipline
- 🎵 Strengthens cognitive skills
- 🎼 Enhances cultural understanding
- 🎤 Builds confidence through recitals and performances
We Welcome Adults Too!
Book Your Free Lesson NowAssess the Sound Quality
When test-playing a used cello, listen closely to its tone quality across the entire range. Pluck each string while holding down different notes. As you move from string to string and jump between low and high notes, the sound should be clear and consistent.
- A good cello has strong, resonant tones without buzzing or rattling.
- Rich and complex tones are a good sign in a cello. Student cellos won’t sound as strong as professional ones. It’s normal for beginner cellos to have simpler tones.
- Dull or muddy tones could indicate issues with setup, strings, or some damage.
- All strings should sound even when played with the same bow speed and pressure. One string should not be louder or softer than the others.
- The tone should not have a nasal, woody, or metallic edge. The core sound should be strong and warm.
Have someone else play scales and passages on the cello if possible, either a teacher or the seller. Stand several feet away and listen for projection and clarity. Then, move very close to the instrument and check for unwelcome buzzing.
Testing different cellos side-by-side is extremely helpful when assessing tone. If permitted at a shop, compare lower and higher-priced instruments to train your ear. Take note of how factors like wood, varnish, age, and setup impact the sound.
Ask a teacher or advanced player to help you. They might notice things you don’t as a beginner. Write down notes about the sound of each cello to compare later.
Review What Accessories Are Included
When buying a used cello, it’s important to take stock of what accessories are or aren’t included. Assess the quality and condition of each item:
Bow
- Check the stick for cracks, bends, or strange colors. Small scratches are okay, but deep marks or warps can cause it to break.
- Assess the condition of the horsehair. Look for broken hairs, bald patches, and fraying near the frog or tip. If more than 1/4 of the hair looks worn, a new repair makes sense.
- Test the tension by pressing your thumb on the stick. It should flex just slightly without feeling overly stiff or floppy. The screw mechanism should function smoothly as well.
- Cheaper low-quality bows may need upgrading right away depending on your playing level. Expect to invest $75 to $150+ for a durable fiberglass or wood bow as a beginner.
- If the bow looks worn and needs repairing, factor the cost into negotiations. Bow rehairing runs around $70+.
Case
- Soft cello bags offer minimal protection and should be avoided by beginners. Look for a hard case at a minimum. Shaped cases mold to the cello contours provide the most protection.
- Assess if the case has reliable latches, handles, and hinges without damage. The interior should be clean without rips, marks, or protruding padding.
- Hard cello cases can cost over $200. Include this in your budget if the case provided isn’t sturdy. A strong case is important to keep your cello safe while traveling.
Bow Rosin
- Check if at least one spare piece of rosin is included. If not, expect to purchase some ($10 to $30). Rosin quality affects playability.
- Check the rosin for cracks or excess powder. It shouldn’t rub off too much on your hands. Try a short bow stroke to make sure it grips the strings well.
Fine Tuners
- Most cellos have 1-2 fine tuners on the tailpiece. These small tools let you make tiny pitch changes. They also help keep the cello in tune while you play.If the cello doesn’t have fine tuners, think about adding one or two. They make it easier for beginners to tune in while learning intonation.
Endpin Stop
- A rubber stopper keeps the endpin from sliding on the floor. It’s not required, but it helps beginners balance the cello more easily.
- If no endpin stop is included, pick one up for added security and stability.
Check what accessories come with the cello. Make sure it has basics like rosin, a bow, and a case. These items should work well so you don’t need to replace them right away. If replacements are needed, their cost should be included in the price.
Music Lessons in San Diego with K&M Music School
Expert Music Lessons
We offer Piano, Violin, Cello, Saxophone, Bassoon, Harp, Voice, and Toddler group lessons for students of all ages and skill levels.
Why Choose Us?
- 🎶 Boosts focus and self-discipline
- 🎵 Strengthens cognitive skills
- 🎼 Enhances cultural understanding
- 🎤 Builds confidence through recitals and performances
We Welcome Adults Too!
Book Your Free Lesson NowFactor in Any Repairs or Set Up Needs
Most used student cellos need small repairs to sound their best. Beginners may not notice problems during a quick test play. It’s a good idea to ask for a luthier to check and fix it before you buy.
What Does a Luthier Check For During Set Up?
Here are some key components a luthier inspects and adjusts during a basic setup:
- Bridge position and feet fitted cleanly to top plate curvature
- Soundpost placement relative to bass bar and bridge location
- Fingerboard clearance height (space between strings and fingerboard)
- String height and alignment crossing the bridge
- Nut string spacing and groove depths
- Peg tightness and ease of tuning
- Bow rehairing if needed
This setup keeps the strings at the right height. It makes pressing the strings easier. Notes sound clear from one end to the other. It also helps the cello stay in tune and is easy to play.
Quote for Potential Repairs
The luthier will check for problems like cracks, warped wood, or a loose neck. They will also look for finish damage. They should write a report about the cello’s condition. The report should include repair recommendations and costs.
An expert check shows repair costs you can use to negotiate with the seller. If the costs are fair, you can buy the cello knowing what work it needs. If repairs are too expensive, it’s better to keep looking. This protects you from buying a cello with hidden problems.
Typical Repair Costs
Here are typical price ranges for some common cello repairs:
- Minor crack repairs: $100-$300
- Touch up refinishing worn areas: $100-$250
- Fingerboard planning/redressing: $150-$300
- Bridge recutting/shaping: $100-$250
- Neck reset: $400+
- Back crack repair: $500+
Shaving the fingerboard or adjusting the bridge changes the cello permanently. These changes can’t be fixed later. Always ask an expert luthier to do this, especially for valuable cellos.
If the cello is still strong, don’t worry about small repairs or setup work. Always have a professional check its condition before buying. This helps you make a good choice.
Shop Repair Assistance
If you buy from a string shop, ask if they do setups or adjustments. Some shops include small fixes for free. They might also give discounts on bigger repairs through their partners.
However, be wary of advice from salespeople downplaying the need for repairs. It’s in their interest to make a sale even if the instrument needs work. Always get an objective second opinion from a luthier before finalizing any purchase.
Realistic Pricing Expectations
Used student cellos vary wildly in terms of quality and pricing. As an overall rule, expect to invest at least $800 to $1,500 as a beginner for a playable instrument from a known workshop. However, many additional factors impact price:
Brand Reputation
- Luthiers like Eastman, William Lewis, and Mezzo Forte make good beginner cellos. These carved cellos cost around $1,000 to $2,000. They offer solid quality for new players.
- Chinese-made cellos can cost less than $500. However, they often need a lot of setup work. They may also have weak sound projection.
- Avoid no-name cellos without any branding. These usually signal very low quality.
- Ask sellers if paperwork is available confirming the luthier workshop or origin. This helps determine authenticity and potential quality.
Wood Materials
- Hand-carved spruce and maple cellos last longer and sound better as they age. They produce a stronger tone. However, they are more expensive than plywood or laminate cellos.
- Laminate cellos are made from layers of wood glued together. They cost less than carved cellos. However, they don’t produce as strong or rich a sound.
- If a seller claims “all solid wood” at a budget price, be wary of potential deception or lack of wood quality.
Age
- Older cellos made from properly dried and cured wood resonate better as they age. But repairs can prove tricky if the instrument wasn’t well maintained over decades.
- Newer cellos often play more reliably out of the box but take time to play in and open up tonally.
- Consider the balance between the quality of sound vs upfront repair costs. For student models, newer is often safer unless clear provenance is provided.
Accessories
- Accessories like cases, bows, and fine tuners can add value if included. Avoid buying if you’ll need to replace these items right away. It’s better to save money for quality upgrades later.
- Include the cost of accessories you’ll need to buy separately. These are important for using the cello properly. Plan for these extra expenses.
Set Up & Repairs
- Be ready to pay for adjustments and repairs by a luthier. These are important to make the cello sound and play better. Plan for these costs when buying.
- If the cello needs repairs, ask for a discount. If the damage is too much, try finding a better one.
Try cellos in different price ranges to see what fits your budget and needs. A $2,000 cello isn’t always better than a $900 one. Focus on how it sounds, feels, and plays. Don’t assume higher price always means better quality.
If your budget is under $800, think about saving more money. Be patient when looking for deals in this range. Always ask a professional to check the cello before you buy it.
Music Lessons in San Diego with K&M Music School
Expert Music Lessons
We offer Piano, Violin, Cello, Saxophone, Bassoon, Harp, Voice, and Toddler group lessons for students of all ages and skill levels.
Why Choose Us?
- 🎶 Boosts focus and self-discipline
- 🎵 Strengthens cognitive skills
- 🎼 Enhances cultural understanding
- 🎤 Builds confidence through recitals and performances
We Welcome Adults Too!
Book Your Free Lesson NowWhere to Search for Used Cellos
Used cellos for sale can be found across a variety of platforms. Here are some places to focus your search:
Local Music Stores
Visit cello specialty shops and violin dealers in your area. Tell them your budget and try instruments across a range of prices. Develop relationships with salespeople and technicians who can help assess options. Some stores also list used inventory on their websites.
Classified Listings
Look on sites like Craigslist, Facebook Marketplace, and OfferUp for sellers nearby. Try searching farther away to find more options. Listings may not have much detail, so ask questions by email or phone. Always meet in person to try the cello before buying.
Online Marketplaces
Websites like Reverb, eBay, and Etsy have sections for musical instruments. You can search for cellos by price, size, and location. Listings often have detailed descriptions and condition notes. These sites are made for people buying and selling instruments.
Conclusion
Buying a used cello is an excellent way to begin your musical journey while saving money. However, it’s crucial to carefully inspect the instrument for physical condition, sound quality, and proper sizing. Investing time in trying different options, asking questions, and consulting a professional ensures you get a cello that meets your needs without costly surprises. With the right preparation, you can find a quality cello that will inspire your playing for years to come.
Call to Action
Ready to find the perfect cello? Use this guide to evaluate options, ask informed questions, and make a confident purchase. Don’t forget to involve a luthier for expert advice on repairs and setup. Start your search today—your dream cello awaits! Sign up for a free cello trial lesson.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much do luthier cello repairs typically cost?
Repair costs depend on the problem. Small cracks cost $100-$300 to fix. Fixing a deck can cost $400 or more. Big body cracks can cost over $500. Always check repair costs before buying.
What cello sizes should an adult beginner consider?
Adult beginners often play 4/4, 7/8, or 3/4 sizes. Choose based on your height and a comfortable fit when holding the instrument.
What accessories should I inspect when buying a used cello?
Check the bow, case, and rosin condition, and whether fine tuners are included. Avoid purchases needing accessory upgrades.
How do I check the sound of a potentially used cello?
Test tones on every string by pressing down different notes. Listen from various distances for buzzes. Compare to dealer instruments to assess quality.
What physical parts of a cello should I inspect for damage?
Look for cracks/warps on the top, back, neck, sides, and scroll. Check the bridge angle and that the neck fits the body seamlessly.
Where can I find used student cellos for sale?
Check local music shops, Craigslist, Facebook Marketplace, Reverb.com, and eBay. Take time trying multiple instruments across price ranges.
What questions should I ask the seller about a used cello?
Ask how old the cello is and where it was kept. Find out if it had any repairs and why it’s being sold. Also, ask if they have papers showing its history.
Katherine Dvoskin, Co-Founder of K&M Music School
She is co-founder of K&M Music School in San Diego, and is a passionate music educator with over 25 years of experience. She offers expert piano lessons in San Diego. At K&M Music School, we teach Piano, Violin, Cello, Saxophone, Bassoon, Harp, Voice, and Toddler group lessons. Katherine's blog shares insights on music education, covering topics from toddler music group lessons to adult music lessons. Whether you're seeking private music lessons or group music lessons for toddlers near you, welcome to K&M Music School.
